On a lathe, the compound rest is the base for the what?

The compound rest serves as the essential base for the tool holder on a lathe. This component is instrumental in allowing the operator to adjust the tool's position both laterally and vertically, facilitating angled cuts and intricate shaping of the workpiece. The positioning capabilities of the compound rest enable precise control over the cutting tool, which is critical for achieving the desired dimensions and contours in the material being worked on.

In contrast, components like the tailstock provide support for the opposite end of the workpiece, the feed handle is related to controlling the feed rate during operation but is not directly bolted to the compound rest, and the cross slide is a separate mechanism that allows for movement of the tool holder along the workpiece. Understanding these individual functions helps clarify the role of the compound rest in the lathe's overall operation.